Down payment calculator: the cash and CPF you need to buy
The loan covers only part of the price. Enter the price and who is buying to see the minimum cash, the rest of the down payment in CPF or cash, both stamp duties and the legal fee: the whole bill before the first instalment.
Rates in force on 25 Sept 2026
Work out the cash and CPF you need
Loan number 1, 75% LTV over 30 years, before any income test: the TDSR calculator may cap the loan lower, which raises the CPF-or-cash part. Stamp duty and legal fees can usually be paid from CPF; the minimum cash cannot. Interest at the configured default rate, not a quote.
BSD rates in force from 15 Feb 2023; ABSD rates in force from 27 Apr 2023; LTV limits in force from 20 Aug 2024; Cost assumptions (rate, fees, commission), set from 1 Jan 2020.
How much of the price must be paid in cash?
On a bank loan, at least 5% of the price must be cash on a first housing loan and 25% on a second or later one, or when the loan-to-value is reduced; the rest of the price above the loan can come from CPF Ordinary Account savings. An HDB loan needs no minimum cash: up to 75% is lent and the balance can be CPF. Stamp duty and legal fees can also usually be paid from CPF, subject to the CPF housing rules.
How much of the price can a bank lend?
A bank can lend up to 75%, 45% and 35% of the price or valuation on a borrower's first, second and third or later housing loan, falling to 55%, 25% and 15% if the tenure exceeds 30 years (25 for an HDB flat) or the loan runs past age 65; an HDB loan covers up to 75%.
Loan-to-value limits and minimum cash
| Loan | Maximum LTV | Long tenure or past age limit | Minimum cash |
|---|---|---|---|
| First housing loan | 75% | 55% | 5% |
| Second housing loan | 45% | 25% | 25% |
| Third or later housing loan | 35% | 15% | 25% |
Worked examples
How much cash and CPF does a Singapore citizen need to buy a S$1,500,000 private home as a first home?
A Singapore citizen buying a first home at S$1,500,000 with a bank loan can borrow up to S$1,125,000 (75% loan-to-value) and needs S$422,870 upfront: S$75,000 in cash, S$300,000 more in CPF or cash, S$44,600 in stamp duty and about S$3,270 in legal fees.
How much cash and CPF does a permanent resident need to buy a S$2,000,000 private home as a second home?
A permanent resident buying a second home at S$2,000,000 with a bank loan can borrow up to S$900,000 (45% loan-to-value) and needs S$1,772,870 upfront: S$500,000 in cash, S$600,000 more in CPF or cash, S$69,600 in buyer's stamp duty, S$600,000 in ABSD and about S$3,270 in legal fees.
How much cash and CPF does a Singapore citizen need to buy a S$600,000 HDB flat as a first home?
A Singapore citizen buying a first home at S$600,000 with an HDB loan can borrow up to S$450,000 (75% loan-to-value) and needs S$165,870 upfront: S$150,000 in CPF or cash, S$12,600 in stamp duty and about S$3,270 in legal fees.
Where these rates come from
- Loan-to-value: rates in force since 20 Aug 2024. Source: MAS loan-to-value limits; HDB loan LTV lowered to 75% on 20 Aug 2024. Last checked against the published rules on 18 Sept 2026.
- Buyer's stamp duty: rates in force since 15 Feb 2023. Source: IRAS, Buyer's Stamp Duty rates for residential property from 15 Feb 2023. Last checked against the published rules on 18 Sept 2026.
- Additional buyer's stamp duty: rates in force since 27 Apr 2023. Source: IRAS, Additional Buyer's Stamp Duty from 27 Apr 2023. Last checked against the published rules on 18 Sept 2026.
- Legal fee and interest rate assumptions: rates in force since 1 Jan 2020. Source: market norms, editable; not statutory. Last checked against the published rules on 18 Sept 2026.
Rates are versioned data in config/rules.yaml, checked against IRAS and MAS publications on 2026-09-18; the newest version applied here took effect 2024-08-20. Rules change with each cooling-measure round.
Indicative figures only, not tax, legal or financial advice. Confirm stamp duty with IRAS and loan limits with your bank or HDB before you commit.
Other calculators
- Stamp duty calculator
Buyer's stamp duty and additional buyer's stamp duty together, for any price and buyer.
- How much can I borrow? TDSR and LTV
Loan-to-value, total debt servicing and mortgage servicing limits, and the lower of them.
- Mortgage repayment calculator
Monthly instalment, total interest over the tenure, the balance year by year, and the stress-test instalment.
- Net proceeds on sale
What you keep after seller's stamp duty, commission, legal fees, the loan and the CPF refund.
Know the home? Value it from a postal code and the same figures are worked out on its indicative value.